Improvement in concrete and wooden pavements



' sideration.

d 1 fgnitl lttl e @mi @uw WILLIAM BAILY ooATES, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIeNoH PoR oNEfHALP or HIS RIGHT ToJosEPH LEEDS, or SAME PLACE.

Vlletze'rs Patent No. 100,727, lated March 15, 1870.

The Schedule `referred to in theseLetters Patent -and making part gf the same To all whom 'it may concern:A i

.Beit known that I, WILLIAM `BAILY GoA'rns, of

the city of Philadelphia, in theState of Pennylvania, have invented a new` and `improved Wooden Pavement; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the `accompanying drawings and tothe letters of reference marked thereon. i l v 'lhe nature of my invention consists in the preparation of the wooden blocks, and in thepeouliar founl dation upon which thewblocks are laid.

In `the improvements now presented for the action of the oiiee, I have two distinctive features; one, the preparation of the blocks with a view to prevent rotting; the other, the peculiar construction of the foundation with va view to' dispense with boards.

The preparation of theblocks is an importantcou- I rstdry theblock's until all the moisture is expelled, then boil them, soak them in, or saturate with common whale-oil. Afterwards b oil the blocks in either .virgin coal tar or pitch for thirty minutes, more or less, and allow them to become perfectly dry, when they are ready to` be laid down, without again dipping in tar, on'the street.

\ The preserving Vproperties of whale-oil are very great, and when wood is suffered Vto iinbibe even a small quantity, the rapiddeeomposition of the timber is entirely prevented.` Forv this `reason I have applied it to the preservation of wooden blocks for street paving. After the pores are divested of the moisture contained within them, the whale-oil is very easily fimbibed-by them, and excludes all moisture afterwards, so that `after the wood is boiled in the Avirgin coal-tar` or pitch, I have a bleek capable of resisting change of temperature, or change from wet to dry, without suffering the injury common to the usuallylaid pavements.

1n the peculiar foundation, I have great advantages over any in use, enably me to dispense with thefea'n pensive board foundation now generally used. f-

I construct my foundation as follows: I take one bushel, more or lesstof slakedlime, and

to this add six bushels of Imsifted coal ashes, andmeisten, so as to allow the lime to become `completely incorporated with the ashes; this soon takes place by mixing, and the mixture can be kept under shed till carted on the street, when it is spread over the prop- Y orly-arched street to the depth of three inches, more or less, and well rolled with a heavy roller. to make it smooth and solid. Again 011 top of this I place alayer of small stones, coarse gravel 'stones will answer, to

the depth of two inches, more or less, and these are rolled down into the irst layer, leaving a smooth, hard surface for the blocks.

This mode of making a foundation will 4excel all other-sin many respects. It will eliectually prevent the frost from getting into the ground, and freezing water-pipes. The coal ashes will render the-foundation more or less elastic, although the ashes may be pressed down, owing to its porous nature.

The foundation can be cheaply made, and will make a good mixture for garden and sidewalks, under some circumstances. vIt will become very hard if left un disturbed, and last a long time.

be taken up and put back without too serious inoouvenienoe. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The preparation of the blocks, by first expelling all moisture, then boiling or soaking in common whaleoil,and afterwards boiling in virgin c0al-0il or pitch for thirty minutes, more or less, and 4then `drying the blocks.

2. The construction of the foundation, with duc pro' Again, when it is .r required to be removed for repair of pipes, 85o., it can 

